RESEARCH – CREATE – INNOVATE

Project Code: T1EDK-04659

Project Title: Integrated System Surveillance, Management and Revitalization of PV Arrangements https://smartsensors4pv.gr/

 

BENEFICIARY PARTNERS

Department of Computer Engineering & of Informatics, University of Patras (Coordinator) Department of Materials Science, University of Patras (SCIENTIST RESPONSIBLE),
Electromechanical Energy Conversion Laboratory, University of Patras, ECOVAR POWER OE , HABITATIO CFM SA.

Scope of the project

Dimitrios Varvitsiotis, CEO Ecovar Power

Short Report on the Design and Implementation of a Smart Wireless Sensor Network for Photovoltaic Systems

Executive Summary

The proposed project focuses on the design and implementation of a Smart Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to address issues encountered in large-scale Photovoltaic Systems/Park (PV). The system aims to create an innovative WSN that collects and utilizes data affecting the operation of PV systems, with a primary focus on addressing Potential Induced Degradation (PID). PID is a major factor leading to decreased energy efficiency in PV systems, especially in large-scale installations, where studies have shown energy losses exceeding 25% after 2-3 years of operation.

The use of WSNs will not only help detect PID but also identify other technical faults in PV systems, contributing to their rapid resolution. Beyond the WSN design and the development of control algorithms, new sensors based on metallic nanoparticles and periodic grids will be designed and manufactured to monitor temperature, humidity, and other relevant characteristics in PV systems.

Data collected by the WSN and insights generated by the algorithms developed within this project will be shared with end-users through dedicated software for predicting issues and providing timely warnings. Additionally, a remote reinvigoration system for problematic PV frames will be implemented. This system will employ reverse voltage application between PV terminals that short-circuit and the frame considered grounded, particularly during nighttime, to mitigate the effects of PID. This arrangement will be remotely activated.

Furthermore, this project proposes the use of WSNs in the new topology of PV frames using micro-inverters for decentralized control and increased electricity absorption rates.

In conclusion, this project aims to design a flexible WSN equipped with suitable sensors that can be utilized in future PV applications. Additionally, the study of PV frames with micro-inverters and the use of WSNs will allow for an evaluation of this approach in comparison to the current practice of central inverters in PV frame design.

Objectives

  1. Design and implement a Smart Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for large-scale Photovoltaic Systems/Parks (PV).
  2. Develop algorithms to monitor, predict, and rectify operational and energy efficiency issues, with a primary focus on addressing Potential Induced Degradation (PID).
  3. Create novel sensors based on metallic nanoparticles and periodic grids to monitor temperature, humidity, and other relevant characteristics in PV systems.
  4. Share collected data and algorithm-generated insights with end-users through dedicated software for issue prediction and timely warnings.
  5. Implement a remote reinvigoration system to counter PID effects by applying reverse voltage during nighttime.
  6. Evaluate the application of WSNs in PV frames utilizing micro-inverters for decentralized control and improved energy absorption.

Methodology

WSN Design and Implementation

  • Define the architecture and specifications of the Smart WSN.
  • Select suitable communication protocols for data transmission.
  • Deploy sensors strategically within the PV system.
  • Develop a user-friendly interface for remote WSN management.

Algorithm Development

  • Analyze historical PV system data to identify PID patterns.
  • Create algorithms for PID detection, prediction, and mitigation.
  • Implement real-time monitoring and data analysis.
  • Develop a warning system for end-users.

Sensor Design and Manufacturing

  • Research and develop sensors based on metallic nanoparticles and periodic grids.
  • Conduct laboratory tests to ensure sensor accuracy.
  • Integrate sensors into the WSN.

Remote Reinvigoration System

  • Design a mechanism for remotely applying reverse voltage during nighttime.
  • Implement safety measures to prevent damage to PV systems.
  • Develop a remote control system for activating reinvigoration.

Evaluation of WSN in Micro-Inverter PV Frames

  • Assess the performance of PV frames with micro-inverters.
  • Compare energy absorption rates with traditional central inverter systems.
  • Analyze the impact of WSNs on decentralized control.

Expected Outcomes

  1. A fully operational Smart Wireless Sensor Network tailored for PV systems.
  2. Algorithms capable of detecting and mitigating PID and other operational issues.
  3. Novel sensors for temperature, humidity, and more, integrated into the WSN.
  4. User-friendly software for end-users to access data and receive warnings.
  5. A remote reinvigoration system to combat PID.
  6. Insights into the feasibility and benefits of WSNs in PV frames with micro-inverters.

Conclusion

This project aims to address critical issues in large-scale Photovoltaic Systems/Parks by implementing a Smart Wireless Sensor Network. The innovative WSN, coupled with advanced algorithms and novel sensors, will enable the monitoring, prediction, and mitigation of problems such as Potential Induced Degradation. Additionally, the project will introduce a remote reinvigoration system and explore the use of WSNs in PV frames with micro-inverters. Ultimately, this endeavor seeks to enhance the efficiency and reliability of PV systems, contributing to the sustainable generation of solar energy.